Question
The table below displays data found in a case-control study examining genotypes and breast cancer diagnoses. Investigators were additionally interested in examining gene-environment interactions; specifically, if an interaction existed between a newly discovered genotype and alcohol consumption changed the odds of developing disease. Based on the observed odds ratios in the table below, answer the following questions.
New Genotype | Alcohol Consumption | Obs. OR |
No | No | 1.00 |
No | Yes | 1.89 |
Yes | No | 3.44 |
Yes | Yes | 4.31 |
A. Calculate the expected odds ratios needed to investigate multiplicative and additive effect modification for the combined effect of having the new genotype and consuming alcohol in relation to breast cancer.
B. Explain whether or not there is evidence of multiplicative effect modification based on your findings. If so, is it synergy or antagonism?
C. Explain whether or not there is evidence of additive effect modification based on these findings. If so, is it synergy or antagonism?
Source: PHW250 2016 Problem Set 6
